Reading lists Stream 13Search all readings

Work, occupations and careers

Professions, occupations, careers, gender and human capital.

Of its 97 readings, 4 are assigned in two or more sources and listed first, with the number of sources beside each (in bold for the core readings, in 4 or more); the 93 listed in only one source are folded under each heading.

Drawn from: Maoret (IESE); Jia (USC); Dobbin (Harvard); DiMaggio (Princeton); Yue (USC); Anteby (Boston University); Zuckerman (MIT); Peng (UT Dallas); Levinthal (Wharton). Full details of the sources are on the reading lists page.

By decade

Before 1950: 0 readings<19501950s: 1 reading1950s1960s: 4 readings1960s1970s: 8 readings1970s1980s: 23 readings1980s1990s: 22 readings1990s2000s: 15 readings2000s2010s: 24 readings242010s2020s: 0 readings2020s
Most date from the 2010s; half were published in 1994 or later.
Readings by decade
DecadeReadings
Before 19500
1950s1
1960s4
1970s8
1980s23
1990s22
2000s15
2010s24
2020s0

Also assigned

In 2 to 3 sources.

  1. Abbott, A. (1988). The System of Professions: An Essay on the Division of Expert Labor. University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226189666.001.00013
  2. Haveman, H. A., & Cohen, L. E. (1994). The Ecological Dynamics of Careers: The Impact of Organizational Founding, Dissolution, and Merger on Job Mobility. American Journal of Sociology, 100(1), 104–152. https://doi.org/10.1086/2305013
  3. Kanter, R. M. (1977). Men and Women of the Corporation. Basic Books.2
  4. Baron, J. N., & Bielby, W. T. (1980). Bringing the Firms Back in: Stratification, Segmentation, and the Organization of Work. American Sociological Review, 45(5), 737. https://doi.org/10.2307/20948932

Further readings

93 more, listed in one source
  1. Whyte, W. H., Jr. (1956). The Organization Man. Simon and Schuster.
  2. Becker, G. S. (1962). Investment in Human Capital: A Theoretical Analysis. Journal of Political Economy, 70(5, Part 2), 9–49. https://doi.org/10.1086/258724
  3. Wilensky, H. L. (1964). The Professionalization of Everyone? American Journal of Sociology, 70(2), 137–158. https://doi.org/10.1086/223790
  4. Goldner, F. H., & Ritti, R. R. (1967). Professionalization as Career Immobility. American Journal of Sociology, 72(5), 489–502. https://doi.org/10.1086/224379
  5. Hall, R. H. (1968). Professionalization and Bureaucratization. American Sociological Review, 33(1), 92. https://doi.org/10.2307/2092242
  6. Freidson, E. (1970). Profession of Medicine: A Study of the Sociology of Applied Knowledge. University of Chicago Press.
  7. Sorensen, A. B. (1977). The Structure of Inequality and the Process of Attainment. American Sociological Review, 42(6), 965. https://doi.org/10.2307/2094580
  8. Stolzenberg, R. M. (1978). Bringing the Boss Back In: Employer Size, Employee Schooling, and Socioeconomic Achievement. American Sociological Review, 43(6), 813. https://doi.org/10.2307/2094623
  9. Hodson, R. (1978). Labor in the Monopoly, Competitive, and State Sectors- of Production. Politics & Society, 8(3-4), 429–480. https://doi.org/10.1177/003232927800800305
  10. Featherman, D. L., & Hauser, R. M. (1978). Opportunity and Change. Academic.
  11. Van Maanen, J. (1978). The Asshole. In P. K. Manning & J. V. Maanen (Eds.), Policing: A View from the Street. Goodyear Press.
  12. Chodorow, N. (1978). The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender. University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520924086
  13. Bielby, W. T. (1981). Models of Status Attainment. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility.
  14. Gordon, D. M., Edwards, R., & Reich, M. (1982). Segmented Work, Divided Workers. Cambridge University Press.
  15. Starr, P. (1982). The Social Transformation of American Medicine. Basic Books.
  16. Baron, J. N. (1984). Organizational Perspectives on Stratification. Annual Review of Sociology, 10(1), 37–69. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.10.080184.000345
  17. Baron, J. N., & Bielby, W. T. (1984). The Organization of Work in a Segmented Economy. American Sociological Review, 49(4), 454. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095462
  18. Baron, J. N., & Bielby, W. T. (1985). Organizational Barriers to Gender Equality: Sex Segregation of Jobs and Opportunities. In A. S. Rossi (Ed.), Gender and the Life Course (pp. 233–251). Aldine.
  19. Stacey, J., & Thorne, B. (1985). The Missing Feminist Revolution in Sociology. Social Problems, 32(4), 301–316. https://doi.org/10.2307/800754
  20. Bielby, W. T., & Baron, J. N. (1986). Men and Women at Work: Sex Segregation and Statistical Discrimination. American Journal of Sociology, 91(4), 759–799. https://doi.org/10.1086/228350
  21. Freidson, E. (1986). Professional Powers: A Study in the Institutionalization of Formal Knowledge. University of Chicago Press.
  22. West, C., & Zimmerman, D. H. (1987). Doing Gender. Gender & Society, 1(2), 125–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243287001002002
  23. Milkman, R. (1987). Gender at Work: The Dynamics of Job Segregation by Sex during World War II. University of Illinois Press.
  24. Miner, A. S. (1987). Idiosyncratic Jobs in Formalized Organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32(3), 327. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392908
  25. Faulkner, R. R., & Anderson, A. B. (1987). Short-Term Projects and Emergent Careers: Evidence from Hollywood. American Journal of Sociology, 92(4), 879–909. https://doi.org/10.1086/228586
  26. Wharton, A. S., & Baron, J. N. (1987). So Happy Together? The Impact of Gender Segregation on Men at Work. American Sociological Review, 52(5), 574. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095595
  27. Pfeffer, J., & Davis-Blake, A. (1987). The Effect of the Proportion of Women on Salaries: The Case of College Administrators. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392740
  28. Epstein, C. F. (1988). Deceptive Distinctions: Sex, Gender and the Social Order. Yale University Press.
  29. Harrington, M., & Levinson, M. (1988 [1985]). The Perils of a Dual Economy. In F. Hearn (Ed.), The Transformation of Industrial Organization (pp. 333–341). Wadsworth.
  30. Jacobs, J. (1989). Revolving Doors: Sex Segregation and Women's Careers. Stanford University Press.
  31. DiPrete, T. (1989). The Bureaucratic Labor Market: The Case of the Federal Civil Service. Plenum.
  32. De Beauvoir, S. (1989 (1949)). The Second Sex. Vintage.
  33. Fraser, N. (1989). Unruly Practices: Power, Discourse, and Gender in Contemporary Social Theory. University of Minnesota Press.
  34. England, P., & Kilbourne, B. S. (1990). Feminist Critiques of the Separative Model of Self: Implications for Rational Choice Theory. Rationality and Society, 2(2), 156–171. https://doi.org/10.1177/1043463190002002005
  35. Acker, J. (1990). HIERARCHIES, JOBS, BODIES: A Theory of Gendered Organizations. Gender & Society, 4(2), 139–158. https://doi.org/10.1177/089124390004002002
  36. Reskin, B., & Roos, P. (1990). Job Queues, Gender Queues: Explaining Women's Inroads into Male Occupations. Temple University Press.
  37. Goldin, C. (1990). Understanding the Gender Gap: An Economic History of American Women. Oxford University Press.
  38. Smith, D. E. (1990). Women's Experience as a Radical Critique of Sociology; The Ideological Practice of Sociology. In The Conceptual Practices of Power: A Feminist Sociology of Knowledge (pp. 1–57). Northeastern University Press.
  39. Galanter, M., & Palay, T. (1991). Tournament of Lawyers: The Transformation of the Big Law Firm. University of Chicago Press.
  40. England, P. (1992). Comparable Worth: Theories and Evidence. Aldine de Gruyter.
  41. Tomaskovic-Devey, D. (1993). Gender and Racial Inequality at Work: The Sources and Consequences of Job Segregation. ILR Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501717505
  42. Reskin, B. (1993). Sex Segregation in the Workplace. Annual Review of Sociology, 19(1), 241–270. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.19.080193.001325
  43. Connell, R. W. (1993). The big picture: Masculinities in recent world history. Theory and Society, 22(5), 597–623. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00993538
  44. England, P. (1993). Theory on Gender/Feminism on Theory. Aldine-DeGruyter.
  45. Western, B. (1994). Unionization and Labor Market Institutions in Advanced Capitalism, 1950-1985. American Journal of Sociology, 99(5), 1314–1341. https://doi.org/10.1086/230413
  46. Petersen, T., & Morgan, L. A. (1995). Separate and Unequal: Occupation-Establishment Sex Segregation and the Gender Wage Gap. American Journal of Sociology, 101(2), 329–365. https://doi.org/10.1086/230727
  47. Bernhardt, A., Morris, M., & Handcock, M. S. (1995). Women's Gains or Men's Losses? A Closer Look at the Shrinking Gender Gap in Earnings. American Journal of Sociology, 101(2), 302–328. https://doi.org/10.1086/230726
  48. Stovel, K., Savage, M., & Bearman, P. (1996). Ascription into Achievement: Models of Career Systems at Lloyds Bank, 1890-1970. American Journal of Sociology, 102(2), 358–399. https://doi.org/10.1086/230950
  49. Spain, D., & Bianchi, S. M. (1996). Balancing Act: Motherhood, Marriage, and Employment among American Women. Russell Sage Foundation.
  50. Connell, R. W. (1996). Masculinities. Polity.
  51. Chafetz, J. S. (1997). Feminist Theory and Sociology: Underutilized Contributions for Mainstream Theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 23(1), 97–120. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.23.1.97
  52. Coff, R. W. (1997). Human Assets and Management Dilemmas: Coping with Hazards on the Road to Resource-Based Theory. Academy of Management Review, 22(2), 374. https://doi.org/10.2307/259327
  53. Nelson, R. L., & Bridges, W. P. (1999). Legalizing Gender Inequality: Courts, Markets and Unequal Pay for Women in America. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511499340
  54. Coff, R. W. (1999). When Competitive Advantage Doesn't Lead to Performance: The Resource-Based View and Stakeholder Bargaining Power. Organization Science, 10(2), 119–133. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.10.2.119
  55. Kalleberg, A. L., Reskin, B. F., & Hudson, K. (2000). Bad Jobs in America: Standard and Nonstandard Employment Relations and Job Quality in the United States. American Sociological Review, 65(2), 256. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657440
  56. Udry, J. R. (2000). Biological Limits of Gender Construction. American Sociological Review, 65(3), 443. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657466
  57. Rogers, M. F. (2000). Contemporary Feminist Theory. In G. Ritzer & B. Smart (Eds.), Handbook of Social Theory (pp. 285–96). Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781848608351.n22
  58. Petersen, T., Saporta, I., & Seidel, M. L. (2000). Offering a Job: Meritocracy and Social Networks. American Journal of Sociology, 106(3), 763–816. https://doi.org/10.1086/318961
  59. Abbott, A. (2001). Chaos of Disciplines. University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226001050.001.0001
  60. Fernandez, R. M. (2001). Skill‐Biased Technological Change and Wage Inequality: Evidence from a Plant Retooling. American Journal of Sociology, 107(2), 273–320. https://doi.org/10.1086/324009
  61. Phillips, D. J. (2001). The Promotion Paradox: Organizational Mortality and Employee Promotion Chances in Silicon Valley Law Firms, 1946–1996. American Journal of Sociology, 106(4), 1058–1098. https://doi.org/10.1086/320293
  62. Hatch, N. W., & Dyer, J. H. (2004). Human capital and learning as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 25(12), 1155–1178. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.421
  63. Agarwal, R., Echambadi, R., Franco, A. M., & Sarkar, M. (2004). Knowledge Transfer Through Inheritance: Spin-out Generation, Development, and Survival. Academy of Management Journal, 47(4), 501–522. https://doi.org/10.2307/20159599
  64. Broschak, J. P. (2004). Managers' Mobility and Market Interface: The Effect of Managers' Career Mobility on the Dissolution of Market Ties. Administrative Science Quarterly, 49(4), 608–640. https://doi.org/10.2307/4131492
  65. Rousseau, D. M. (2005). Developing Psychological Contract Theory. In Smith & Hitt (Eds.), Great Minds in Management (pp. 190–214). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199276813.003.0010
  66. Kor, Y. Y., & Leblebici, H. (2005). How do interdependencies among human‐capital deployment, development, and diversification strategies affect firms' financial performance? Strategic Management Journal, 26(10), 967–985. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.485
  67. Somaya, D., Williamson, I. O., & Lorinkova, N. (2008). Gone but Not Lost: The Different Performance Impacts of Employee Mobility Between Cooperators Versus Competitors. Academy of Management Journal, 51(5), 936–953. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2008.34789660
  68. Marx, M., Strumsky, D., & Fleming, L. (2009). Mobility, Skills, and the Michigan Non-Compete Experiment. Management Science, 55(6), 875–889. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1080.0985
  69. Agarwal, R., Ganco, M., & Ziedonis, R. H. (2009). Reputations for toughness in patent enforcement: implications for knowledge spillovers via inventor mobility. Strategic Management Journal, 30(13), 1349–1374. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.792
  70. Aime, F. (2010). The routine may be stable but the advantage is not: competitive implications of key employee mobility. Strategic Direction, 26(5). https://doi.org/10.1108/sd.2010.05626ead.002
  71. Ployhart, R. E., & Moliterno, T. P. (2011). Emergence of the Human Capital Resource: A Multilevel Model. Academy of Management Review, 36(1), 127–150. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2009.0318
  72. Mayer, K. J., Somaya, D., & Williamson, I. O. (2012). Firm-Specific, Industry-Specific, and Occupational Human Capital and the Sourcing of Knowledge Work. Organization Science, 23(5), 1311–1329. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1110.0722
  73. Campbell, B. A., Coff, R., & Kryscynski, D. (2012). Rethinking Sustained Competitive Advantage from Human Capital. Academy of Management Review, 37(3), 376–395. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2010.0276
  74. Campbell, B. A., Ganco, M., Franco, A. M., & Agarwal, R. (2012). Who leaves, where to, and why worry? employee mobility, entrepreneurship and effects on source firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 33(1), 65–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.943
  75. Carnahan, S., & Somaya, D. (2013). Alumni Effects and Relational Advantage: The Impact on Outsourcing When a Buyer Hires Employees from a Supplier's Competitors. Academy of Management Journal, 56(6), 1578–1600. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.0089
  76. Ganco, M. (2013). Cutting the Gordian knot: The effect of knowledge complexity on employee mobility and entrepreneurship. Strategic Management Journal, 34(6), 666–686. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2044
  77. Eyal, G. (2013). For a Sociology of Expertise: The Social Origins of the Autism Epidemic. American Journal of Sociology, 118(4), 863–907. https://doi.org/10.1086/668448
  78. Rogan, M. (2014). Executive Departures Without Client Losses: The Role of Multiplex Ties in Exchange Partner Retention. Academy of Management Journal, 57(2), 563–584. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.1049
  79. Ployhart, R. E., Nyberg, A. J., Reilly, G., & Maltarich, M. A. (2014). Human Capital Is Dead; Long Live Human Capital Resources! Journal of Management, 40(2), 371–398. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206313512152
  80. Mahoney, J. T., & Kor, Y. Y. (2015). Advancing the Human Capital Perspective on Value Creation by Joining Capabilities and Governance Approaches. Academy of Management Perspectives, 29(3), 296–308. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2014.0151
  81. Bidwell, M., & Mollick, E. (2015). Shifts and Ladders: Comparing the Role of Internal and External Mobility in Managerial Careers. Organization Science, 26(6), 1629–1645. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2015.1003
  82. Ployhart, R. E. (2015). Strategic Organizational Behavior (STROBE): The Missing Voice in the Strategic Human Capital Conversation. Academy of Management Perspectives, 29(3), 342–356. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2014.0145
  83. Mears, A. (2015). Working for Free in the VIP: Relational Work and the Production of Consent. American Sociological Review, 80(6), 1099–1122. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122415609730
  84. Raffiee, J., & Coff, R. (2016). Micro-Foundations of Firm-Specific Human Capital: When Do Employees Perceive Their Skills to be Firm-Specific? Academy of Management Journal, 59(3), 766–790. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2014.0286
  85. Anteby, M., Chan, C. K., & DiBenigno, J. (2016). Three Lenses on Occupations and Professions in Organizations:Becoming, Doing, and Relating. Academy of Management Annals, 10(1), 183–244. https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520.2016.1120962
  86. Raffiee, J. (2017). Employee Mobility and Interfirm Relationship Transfer: Evidence from the Mobility and Client Attachments of United States Federal Lobbyists, 1998–2014. Strategic Management Journal, 38(10), 2019–2040. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2634
  87. Fernandez, R. M., & Campero, S. (2017). Gender Sorting and the Glass Ceiling in High-Tech Firms. ILR Review, 70(1), 73–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793916668875
  88. Brands, R. A., & Fernandez-Mateo, I. (2017). Leaning Out: How Negative Recruitment Experiences Shape Women’s Decisions to Compete for Executive Roles. Administrative Science Quarterly, 62(3), 405–442. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001839216682728
  89. Carton, P. (2017). Made in America? Immigrant Occupational Mobility in the First Half of the Twentieth Century. American Journal of Sociology.
  90. Brynjolfsson, E., & Mitchell, T. (2017). What can machine learning do? Workforce implications. Science, 358(6370), 1530–1534. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap8062
  91. Mun, E., & Jung, J. (2018). Change above the Glass Ceiling: Corporate Social Responsibility and Gender Diversity in Japanese Firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 63(2), 409–440. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001839217712920
  92. Ferguson, J.-P., & Koning, R. (2018). Firm Turnover and the Return of Racial Establishment Segregation. American Sociological Review, 83(3), 445–474. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122418767438
  93. Ranganathan, A. (2018). Train Them to Retain Them: Work Readiness and the Retention of First-time Women Workers in India. Administrative Science Quarterly, 63(4), 879–909. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001839217750868